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4300Catalog Appendix Glossary Mild Steel: Carbon steel with a maximum of .25 percent Pressure,Gage:Pressuredifferentialaboveorbelowambient carbon. atmosphericpressure. Nitriding:Acasehardeningprocessconductedbytheintroduc- Pressure,Nominal:Apressurevalueassignedtoacomponent tionofnitrogenintothesurfaceofasolidferrousalloy. orsystemforthepurposeofconvenientdesignation. Nitrile(BunaN):Acopolymerofbutadienneandacrylonitrile. Pressure,Operating:SeeWORKINGPRESSURE. ItistheelastomermostwidelyusedtomanufactureO-rings. Pressure,Proof:Thenon-destructivetestpressure,inexcess Nondestructive: Inspection or test by methods that do not ofthemaximumratedoperatingpressure,whichcausesno destroythepart. permanent deformation, external leakage, or other resulting malfunction. O-ring:Atorus,ordoughnutshapedobject,generallymade fromelastomerandisusedprimarilyforsealing. Pressure,RatedDynamic:Themaximumfluctuatingpressure loadthatapressurecontainingenvelopeiscapableofsustaining Passivation:Aprocessusedtoimprovecorrosivebehavior foraminimumof1millionoperatingcycleswithoutfailure. ofametalbychangingitschemicallyactivesurfacetoamuch lessreactivestate. Pressure,RatedStatic:Themaximumpressurethatapressure containingenvelopeiscapableofsustaininginanapplicationnot Pipe:(l)Thedefectinwroughtorcastproductsresultingfromthe exceeding30,000operatingcyclesinasystemfreeofpressure centralcavityformedbycontractioninmetal,especiallyingots, surges,shocks,vibration,temperatureexcursions,etc. duringsolidification.(2)Atubularmetalproductthatincludesiron pipesize(I.P.S.)andschedulenumberinitsclassification. Pressure,Relief:Thepressureatwhichthereliefvalveisset foractuation.Thispressureisgenerallyslightlyhigherthanthe PipeThread,DrySeal:Taperedpipethreadsinwhichsealing systemworkingpressure. isafunctionofrootandcrestinterference. PressureShock:Apressurewavefrontwhichmovesatasonic Pitting:Formingsmallsharpcavitiesinametalsurfaceby velocity,duetosuddenstoppageoffluidflow. corrosion,mechanicalactionornonuniformelectrodeposition. Pressure,Static:Thepressureinafluidatrest. Plastic Deformation: Deformation that does or will remain permanent in an element after removal of the stress that Pressure,Surge:Thepressureincreasesresultingfrompres- causedit. surefluctuationsinahydraulicsystem. Pneumatics:Engineeringsciencepertainingtogaseouspres- Pressure,Working:Thepressureatwhichtheapparatusis sureandflow. beingoperatedinagivenapplication. Port: A terminus of a passage in a component to which Pressure,WorkingRated:Thequalifiedoperatingpressure conductorscanbeconnected. whichisrecommendedforasystemoracomponentbythe manufacturer. Port,Pipe:Aportwhichconformstopipethreadstandards. ProofLoad:Apre-determinedload,generallysomemultipleof Port,StraightThread:Aportwhichconformstostraightthread theserviceload,towhichaspecimenorstructureissubmitted standards. It typically employs an O-ring compressed in a beforeacceptanceforuse. wedge-shapedcavity. Quenching:Rapidcoolingmethodusedinheattreatingpro- Power Supply, Fluid: Energy source which generates and cess. maintainsaflowoffluidunderpressure. ResidualStress:Stressexistinginabodythatisfreeofexternal PrecipitationHardening:Hardeningcausedbytheprecipitation forcesorthermalgradients. ofaconstituentfromasupersaturatedsolidsolution. RockwellHardnessTest:Atestfordeterminingthehardness Pressure:Forceperunitarea,usuallyexpressedinpounds ofamaterialbaseduponthedepthofpenetrationofaspecified persquareinch(psi). penetratorintothespecimen. Pressure,Absolute:Thepressureaboveabsolutezero,i.e., Roughness:Relativelyfinely-spacedsurfaceirregularities,the thesumofatmosphericpressureplusgagepressure. height,widthanddirectionofwhichestablishthepredominant surfacepattern. Pressure,Atmospheric:Pressureexertedbytheatmosphere atanyspecificlocation.[Sealevelatmosphericpressureis STP:DistributedbyFirstBrandCorp.Danbury,CT. approximately14.7poundspersquareinch(about1bar)] Scaling:(1)Formingathicklayerofoxidationproductsonmetals Pressure,Burst:Thepressurewhichcausesfailureof,and athightemperatures.(2)Depositingwater-insolubleconstituents consequentiallossoffluidthroughtheproductenvelope. onametalsurface,asincoolingtubesandwaterboilers. Pressure, CyclicTest: A pressure range applied in cyclic Seam:Afoldorlaponthesurfaceofametalappearingasa enduranceteststhatareperformedtohelpdeterminerecom- V crack,usuallyresultingfromadefectobtainedincastingorin mendedworkingpressure. working. Pressure,Differential(PressureDrop):Thedifferenceinpres- Segregation:Concentrationofalloyingelementsinspecific surebetweenanytwopointsofasystemoracomponent. regionsinametallicobject. V19 ParkerHannifinCorporation TubeFittingsDivision Columbus,Ohio http://www.parker.com/tfd
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